--- title: "Level Generation" content_type: tutorial url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy/tutorial/level-generation?language=en" language: en container_type: course container_title: "Intermediate 3D Game Development" container_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development.md?language=en" unit_title: "2D Roguelike" unit_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy?language=en" standalone_markdown_url: "https://learn.unity.com/tutorial/level-generation.md?language=en" previous_title: "2D Roguelike Setup and Assets" previous_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy/tutorial/2d-roguelike-setup-and-assets?language=en" previous_markdown_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy/tutorial/2d-roguelike-setup-and-assets.md?language=en" next_title: "Unit Mechanics" next_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy/tutorial/unit-mechanics?language=en" next_markdown_url: "https://learn.unity.com/course/intermediate-3d-game-development/unit/2d-roguelike-tutorial-legacy/tutorial/unit-mechanics.md?language=en" difficulty: intermediate duration_minutes: 25 unity_version: - "5.x" supported_unity_versions: - name: "5.x" url: "https://learn.unity.com/tutorial/level-generation.md?language=en&version=5.x" last_updated: "2026-08-04T14:23:03.000Z" --- # Level Generation Implement BoardManager and GameManager scripts to generate 2D roguelike levels and manage game states. This next part of the [2D Roguelike project](https://learn.unity.com/project/2d-roguelike-tutorial) addresses writing the BoardManager script that will procedurally generate levels and the GameManager script for managing game states. ## Materials - [2D Roguelike Project Assets](https://www.assetstore.unity3d.com/en/#!/content/29825) ## 1. Writing the Board Manager This is part 4 of 14 of the 2D Roguelike tutorial in which we write the BoardManager script which will procedurally or semi-randomly generate our levels. [Video](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bvvaqAbpPjc) ## BoardManager ```csharp using UnityEngine; using System; //Allows us to use Lists. using System.Collections.Generic; //Tells Random to use the Unity Engine random number generator. using Random = UnityEngine.Random; namespace Completed { public class BoardManager : MonoBehaviour { // Using Serializable allows us to embed a class with sub properties in the inspector. [Serializable] public class Count { public int minimum; //Minimum value for our Count class. public int maximum; //Maximum value for our Count class. //Assignment constructor. public Count (int min, int max) { minimum = min; maximum = max; } } public int columns = 8; //Number of columns in our game board. public int rows = 8; //Number of rows in our game board. //Lower and upper limit for our random number of walls per level. public Count wallCount = new Count (5, 9); //Lower and upper limit for our random number of food items per level. public Count foodCount = new Count (1, 5); public GameObject exit; //Prefab to spawn for exit. public GameObject[] floorTiles; //Array of floor prefabs. public GameObject[] wallTiles; //Array of wall prefabs. public GameObject[] foodTiles; //Array of food prefabs. public GameObject[] enemyTiles; //Array of enemy prefabs. public GameObject[] outerWallTiles; //Array of outer tile prefabs. //A variable to store a reference to the transform of our Board object. private Transform boardHolder; //A list of possible locations to place tiles. private List gridPositions = new List (); //Clears our list gridPositions and prepares it to generate a new board. void InitialiseList () { //Clear our list gridPositions. gridPositions.Clear (); //Loop through x axis (columns). for(int x = 1; x < columns-1; x++) { //Within each column, loop through y axis (rows). for(int y = 1; y < rows-1; y++) { //At each index add a new Vector3 to our list with the x and y coordinates of that position. gridPositions.Add (new Vector3(x, y, 0f)); } } } //Sets up the outer walls and floor (background) of the game board. void BoardSetup () { //Instantiate Board and set boardHolder to its transform. boardHolder = new GameObject ("Board").transform; //Loop along x axis, starting from -1 (to fill corner) with floor or outerwall edge tiles. for(int x = -1; x < columns + 1; x++) { //Loop along y axis, starting from -1 to place floor or outerwall tiles. for(int y = -1; y < rows + 1; y++) { //Choose a random tile from our array of floor tile prefabs and prepare to instantiate it. GameObject toInstantiate = floorTiles[Random.Range (0,floorTiles.Length)]; //Check if we current position is at board edge, if so choose a random outer wall prefab from our array of outer wall tiles. if(x == -1 || x == columns || y == -1 || y == rows) toInstantiate = outerWallTiles [Random.Range (0, outerWallTiles.Length)]; //Instantiate the GameObject instance using the prefab chosen for toInstantiate at the Vector3 corresponding to current grid position in loop, cast it to GameObject. GameObject instance = Instantiate (toInstantiate, new Vector3 (x, y, 0f), Quaternion.identity) as GameObject; //Set the parent of our newly instantiated object instance to boardHolder, this is just organizational to avoid cluttering hierarchy. instance.transform.SetParent (boardHolder); } } } //RandomPosition returns a random position from our list gridPositions. Vector3 RandomPosition () { //Declare an integer randomIndex, set it's value to a random number between 0 and the count of items in our List gridPositions. int randomIndex = Random.Range (0, gridPositions.Count); //Declare a variable of type Vector3 called randomPosition, set it's value to the entry at randomIndex from our List gridPositions. Vector3 randomPosition = gridPositions[randomIndex]; //Remove the entry at randomIndex from the list so that it can't be re-used. gridPositions.RemoveAt (randomIndex); //Return the randomly selected Vector3 position. return randomPosition; } //LayoutObjectAtRandom accepts an array of game objects to choose from along with a minimum and maximum range for the number of objects to create. void LayoutObjectAtRandom (GameObject[] tileArray, int minimum, int maximum) { //Choose a random number of objects to instantiate within the minimum and maximum limits int objectCount = Random.Range (minimum, maximum+1); //Instantiate objects until the randomly chosen limit objectCount is reached for(int i = 0; i < objectCount; i++) { //Choose a position for randomPosition by getting a random position from our list of available Vector3s stored in gridPosition Vector3 randomPosition = RandomPosition(); //Choose a random tile from tileArray and assign it to tileChoice GameObject tileChoice = tileArray[Random.Range (0, tileArray.Length)]; //Instantiate tileChoice at the position returned by RandomPosition with no change in rotation Instantiate(tileChoice, randomPosition, Quaternion.identity); } } //SetupScene initializes our level and calls the previous functions to lay out the game board public void SetupScene (int level) { //Creates the outer walls and floor. BoardSetup (); //Reset our list of gridpositions. InitialiseList (); //Instantiate a random number of wall tiles based on minimum and maximum, at randomized positions. LayoutObjectAtRandom (wallTiles, wallCount.minimum, wallCount.maximum); //Instantiate a random number of food tiles based on minimum and maximum, at randomized positions. LayoutObjectAtRandom (foodTiles, foodCount.minimum, foodCount.maximum); //Determine number of enemies based on current level number, based on a logarithmic progression int enemyCount = (int)Mathf.Log(level, 2f); //Instantiate a random number of enemies based on minimum and maximum, at randomized positions. LayoutObjectAtRandom (enemyTiles, enemyCount, enemyCount); //Instantiate the exit tile in the upper right hand corner of our game board Instantiate (exit, new Vector3 (columns - 1, rows - 1, 0f), Quaternion.identity); } } } ``` ## 2. Writing the Game Manager This is part 5 of 14 of the 2D Roguelike tutorial in which we write the GameManager script which will manage the state of our game. [Video](http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7NYXBUWmFvU) ## GameManager ```csharp using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; using System.Collections.Generic; //Allows us to use Lists. public class GameManager : MonoBehaviour { //Static instance of GameManager which allows it to be accessed by any other script. public static GameManager instance = null; //Store a reference to our BoardManager which will set up the level. private BoardManager boardScript; //Current level number, expressed in game as "Day 1". private int level = 3; //Awake is always called before any Start functions void Awake() { //Check if instance already exists if (instance == null) //if not, set instance to this instance = this; //If instance already exists and it's not this: else if (instance != this) //Then destroy this. This enforces our singleton pattern, meaning there can only ever be one instance of a GameManager. Destroy(gameObject); //Sets this to not be destroyed when reloading scene DontDestroyOnLoad(gameObject); //Get a component reference to the attached BoardManager script boardScript = GetComponent(); //Call the InitGame function to initialize the first level InitGame(); } //Initializes the game for each level. void InitGame() { //Call the SetupScene function of the BoardManager script, pass it current level number. boardScript.SetupScene(level); } //Update is called every frame. void Update() { } } ``` ## Loader ```csharp using UnityEngine; using System.Collections; public class Loader : MonoBehaviour { public GameObject gameManager; //GameManager prefab to instantiate. public GameObject soundManager; //SoundManager prefab to instantiate. void Awake () { //Check if a GameManager has already been assigned to static variable GameManager.instance or if it's still null if (GameManager.instance == null) //Instantiate gameManager prefab Instantiate(gameManager); //Check if a SoundManager has already been assigned to static variable SoundManager.instance or if it's still null if (SoundManager.instance == null) //Instantiate SoundManager prefab Instantiate(soundManager); } } ``` Are you stuck? [Let a qualified expert get you across the finish line.](https://livehelp.unity.com/client/question/?utm_campaign=connect_americas_acquisition_2019-LiveHelp-Launch&utm_content=LIVEHELP_LEARN-01-all&utm_medium=link&utm_source=learn)