What is in this mission?

Explore the sample scene

Set up the scanner

Code the scanning functionality

Balloon Inflator

Escape Room project overview

Number pad

Keycard reader

Sliding Door

Mission 4 Quiz - Custom VR Development

Project 3: Clone with a twist! 

Submit your final project

Clone with a twist!

Learn to write scripts for advanced interactions in VR applications, and create your own unique VR project.

In the previous missions, you used pre-made interaction scripts provided to you as part of the Create with VR project. This mission will teach you to write scripts specifically for VR applications. You’ll write these scripts from scratch in the context of three separate projects.

In project 1, the XRI example scene created by the XR Interaction Toolkit team, you'll reference existing code and documentation to program some more advanced, customized interactables.

In project 2, you’ll follow guidelines from a project brief to create part of a VR escape room. Rather than following step-by-step instructions here, you’ll only receive hints.

In project 3, which you’ll submit to receive your pathway badge, you’ll create your own unique VR project. The challenge here is to create a clone with a twist: a version of an established VR experience, but with a unique alteration.

, you should already have a good foundational knowledge of scripting in the Unity engine to make the most out of this learning content.

If you don’t already have a foundational understanding of scripting, now is an excellent time to learn. We recommend you complete the 

If you feel almost ready but want to brush up on a few skills without doing the entire Junior Programmer pathway, why not check out the 

Custom VR Development

Unity VR Development

Dive into the world of virtual reality with Unity's VR Development Pathway. Learn to design immersive experiences, build VR games, and master Unity's VR tools. Start creating in VR today!

VR Development Pathway - Learn Unity VR Game Development | Unity Learn

 or have the equivalent experience, before starting Unity VR Development.

In addition, basic coding experience is recommended before starting the Custom VR Development mission, which can be obtained via the 

Ready to develop for VR? This guided learning Pathway will prepare you for a job in the VR industry!

Welcome to VR Development! This learning pathway is designed for anyone interested in learning to create experiences for VR. This pathway assumes a basic knowledge of Unity and basic knowledge of programming.

VR Development

Welcome to the VR Pathway

VR Software Setup

1.1 - VR Project Setup

1.2 - VR Locomotion

1.3 - Grabbable Objects

1.4 - Sockets

Challenge 1 - Architecture Review

The VR software landscape

Lab 1 - VR Personal Project Basics

Submission 1 - Share your Work

Mission 1 Quiz - VR Basics 

VR Software Setup 

Mission 1 Quiz 1 - VR Basics

Learn the basics of setting up a VR project and implementing simple interactivity like locomotion and grabbing objects.

In this mission, you will learn the basics of setting up a VR project and implementing simple interactivity.

In these tutorials, you will do the following:

Set up a VR-ready project with the room of your choice

Implement locomotion so that users can move around the scene

Add grabbable objects users can pick up and throw around

Set up sockets that objects can snap into

In the Challenge for this mission, you will apply your skills in an architectural review prototype. Then, in the Lab, you'll fill out a design document to lay out a concept for your own project, and then begin working on it. Finally, in the Quiz, you will test your new knowledge.

VR Basics

2.1 - Audio and Haptics

2.2 - Activation Events

2.3 - Direct and Ray Interactors

2.4 - User Interface

Challenge 2 - 3D Painting

The XR hardware landscape

Lab 2 - Personal Project Events & Interactions

Submission 2 - Share your Work

Mission 2 Quiz - VR Events & Interactions

Learn how to implement more complex interactions in VR to make the experience more immersive, such as audio, haptics, and user interfaces.

In this mission, you will implement more complex interactions in VR to make the experience more immersive.

Apply new functionality to specific objects

Allow the user to toggle between multiple types of interactors

In the Challenge for this mission, you will apply your skills in a 3D painting prototype. Then, in the Lab, you'll implement the core functionality of your personal project. Finally, in the Quiz, you will test your new knowledge.

Events and Interactions

3.1 - Comfort and Accessibility

3.2 - Optimization

3.3 - Lighting

3.4 - Building and Sharing

Challenge 3 - Training Simulation

Keeping up with XR technology

Lab 3 - Personal Project Ergonomics & Optimization

Submission 3 - Share your Work

Mission 3 Quiz - VR Ergonomics & Optimization

Explore ergonomics and optimization for VR for making apps as accessible and comfortable as possible.

In this mission, you will focus on ergonomics and optimization for VR in order to make your app as accessible and comfortable as possible.In these tutorials, you will do the following:

In the Challenge for this mission, you will apply your skills in an industrial training simulation prototype. Then, in the Lab, you'll implement the core functionality of your personal project. Finally, in the Quiz, you will test your new knowledge.

Ergonomics and Optimization

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Overview

Download and open the example scene.

Explore the scene on your device or the rig simulator

Explore the components

Explore the Scripting API

More things to try

Next steps

Comp-L3-Prog.VRp: Intermediate VR Development

Intermediate VR Development

aaron.sharp@unity3d.com bCXcG*RnEp9O!6@q

D.3.1.3_stations_edited.mp4

As a more experienced developer, there’s no better way to learn new programming techniques than working on an existing fully-functional project. 

In this tutorial, you will do the following:

Download and explore the XRI template scene

Review the online documentation for the XR Interaction Toolkit

Games

Film

Automotive

Skill-L3-Prog.VRp-3: Program custom VR interactions in order to meet the requirements of a project brief.

o-L3-Prog.VRp-3.1: Demonstrate familiarity with the XR Interaction Toolkit (XRIT) API by identifying a high-level approach for programming a given feature in VR.

o-L3-Prog.VRp-3.2: Extend the functionality of the default interactable and interactor objects by overriding the provided events in the XRIT.

o-L3-Prog.VRp-3.3: Perform mathematical calculations on 3D vectors in order to program custom 3D interactions in VR.

Program custom VR interactions in order to meet the requirements of a project brief.

XRI-Example-Scene_2021.3.zip

Introduction to Project One

Project 1: XRI Template walkthrough

In this first project of this mission, you will explore the example scene created by the XR Interaction Toolkit team. In this scene, there are stations containing a variety of common VR interactions. These range from simple, grabbable objects to complex, multi-layered experiences. 

Your task will be to make a new station in this scene with a couple of custom objects:

A helpful scanner that displays other objects' information and a fun little balloon inflator to play around with.

In this tutorial, you will set up the project, explore the scene, and browse through some of the existing code. 

The Default XR Interaction Toolkit environment has a river in the center and arches around the rooms. Tables with interactable objects are placed around the room at regular intervals.

Two GameObjects: a balloon inflator and a scanner. Both objects are white, blue, and red. 

This template project – created by the XR Interaction Toolkit team – is an incredibly helpful resource to use as a reference as you develop new projects. It contains an introductory scene with various props and sample interactions that showcase typical VR experiences. 

1.  Download the XRI Toolkit template project.

2.  Open the project in Unity version 2021.3 LTS.

3.  From the Project window, open _VRPathway > Scenes > VRPathway Scene.

You should see the indoor/outdoor environment with stations around the edges.

The XRI Template scene is a room floating in space, designed with many arches and interactive stations positioned throughout.

Experiencing the scene in the Unity Editor does not quite capture the VR experience. We suggest that you do this with access to a headset.

1.  If you do not have a headset, you’ll need to use XR Device Simulator to test the application. The XR Device Simulator object is already in the Hierarchy and is marked as Inactive by default. To test the project with the Device Simulator, simply set that object as Active and select Play. For a reminder on how to use the Device Simulator, check out this simulator keyboard shortcuts cheat sheet.

2.  If you do have a headset, you’ll need to configure your project and build settings for your target device. 

For instructions on deploying a project to your device, check out step 6 in this project setup tutorial.

3.  Explore the scene using your headset or the Device Simulator, trying out the interactions at each station. 

As you go through the scene, read the instructions at each station. The stations inside the main structure showcase more basic VR interactions. The stations along the outside track of the structure showcase more complex interactions. 

When exploring the scene, ask yourself the following questions:

Which of these interaction types have I implemented before? 

Which interactions would I feel confident creating? Which ones am I unsure about?

What do I like or dislike about specific interactions in this demo?

This is approximately what it should look like when you explore the scene:

Now that you’ve tested the experience in VR, you’re ready to investigate how the project is set up:

1.  Select the Megaphone GameObject located along the outer-left track. 

Notice in the Inspector that the Megaphone uses the default XR Grab Interactable component and event system that you’re already familiar with. This was implemented just like many of the interactable objects you’ve put together throughout the pathway, and specifically what you learned in this tutorial. 

2.  Now locate the 3D UI station and select one of the joysticks, knobs, sliders, or buttons. 

When you select these objects, you’ll notice that they have script components with names such as XRJoystick, XRKnob, and XRSlider. These are not default scripts included in the XR Interaction Toolkit; they are custom scripts that extend the core functionality of the toolkit. 

3.  Locate the XRSlider script in the Project window and open it in a script editor, then read the class declaration line towards the top of the script: 

public class XRSlider : XRBaseInteractable

The code XRSlider : XRBaseInteractable means that the XRSlider script extends or inherits from the XRBaseInteractable class. Another way of saying that is that XRSlider is a child of the XRBaseInteractable parent class, inheriting all of its behaviors and properties. If you want a refresher on inheritance in object-oriented programming, check out the tutorial on inheritance in the Junior Programmer pathway.

If all of these objects inherit from XRBaseInteractable, it must be a very important or useful script when trying to code custom scripts for VR. To find out more about that class, and to find out how you might use it, you’ll need to go to the documentation. 

The Megaphone GameObject is selected, a crop of the Inspector panel is shown including the sections Select and Activate.

The 3D UI Station demonstrating interactable UI objects such as levers, wheels, and buttons.

When you begin development with a new library or API, it’s helpful to get acquainted with the available documentation. You know that XRBaseInteractable is an important script, so it’s a good place to start. Complete the following steps to explore documentation related to the XRBaseInteractable class: 

1.   Google “XRBaseInteractable” and select the first result from docs.unity3d.com. It should take you to the Scripting API documentation for the ​XR ​Interaction ​Toolkit.  

2.  Make sure you are using the correct version of the XRIT documentation using the dropdown menu in the top-left corner. 

You should be using version 2.0.X, which matches the version of the package used in the project. Be careful – this is very easy to forget! Make sure you always check this version number when referencing the scripting documentation. 

3.  Near the top of the page, locate the Inheritance section. 

This displays the parent classes of XRBaseInteractable above it and the child classes of XRBaseInteractable below it. For example, you can see in the screenshot above that XRGrabInteractable and XRSimpleInteractable are child classes of XRBaseInteractable.

4.  Browse around the documentation to get a sense of the hierarchy of classes within the XR Interaction Toolkit. This will give you an idea of how all of the classes relate to one another. It’s also helpful to read the short descriptions of the classes at the top of the page. 

As a challenge, try and figure out the inheritance structure for the XRRayInteractor class. Which classes does it inherit from?

Exploring this documentation can demystify a new API for you. There’s no magic or secrets; it is all written out and searchable. Referencing documentation like this is a critical skill for developers, especially in such a rapidly evolving field like VR, where new frameworks and APIs are released so regularly. 

XR Interaction Toolkit version drop down menu showing previous versions and the current version 2.0.1.

The XRBaseInteractable Inheritance structure. 

If you want to further develop your skills, explore new concepts, or improve your project, check out some of the optional activities below. Each one is tagged as either [Easy], [Medium], or [Difficult] so you can choose the level of challenge. 

These activities are entirely optional, so if you’re not interested, no problem – just skip this step. 

We do recommend attempting at least one of them in order to get the most out of this learning experience. Good luck!

Continue browsing through the online documentation of the XR Interaction Toolkit API. Try to understand how the classes interact with and reference each other, including which classes have parent-child relationships. 

[Medium] Make an edit to one example interaction

Choose an object you’re interested in and come up with some minor edit you’d like to make to its functionality – then make that happen. For example, change the maximum distance you can move the joystick, change the speed that stuffed animals float upwards in the claw game, or change the speed that the plant grows when you water it with the watering can. The important thing is to come up with the idea before looking at the code, then challenge yourself to figure out how to make that idea happen.

[Difficult] Deeply understand one example interaction 

Choose one of the interactive objects in the example scene and try to figure out exactly how it works. You could choose one of the simpler objects like the ball launcher, a slightly more complex object like one of the 3D UI objects, or a highly intricate one like the claw game machine. When you choose an object, expand it in the Hierarchy and examine every component on every child object. Open every custom script and make sure you understand what’s going on. Understand how all the components interact with each other. Try to understand it well enough that you could explain its setup and all of its code to someone else. 

You are now acquainted with the example scene, which has lots of functioning code for your reference. You have also located the relevant documentation and explored some of the available classes. You’re now ready to put the API to use by creating your own custom interactables that extend these classes. 

Explore the sample scene

Overview Video

1. Overview

2. Download and open the example scene.

3. Explore the scene on your device or the rig simulator

4. Explore the components

5. Explore the Scripting API

6. More things to try

7. Next steps

Complete this tutorial