Abstraction in object-oriented programming

Inheritance and polymorphism in object-oriented programming

Encapsulation in object-oriented programming

Profile code to identify issues

Job preparation: Junior Programmer

Quiz: Apply object-oriented principles

Submission: Programming theory in action

Deep-dive into the pillars of object-oriented programming and their application, then learn how to profile and optimize code.

In this mission, you’ll refactor the inventory project you completed in the previous mission using the pillars of object-oriented programming as a guide. You’ll deep dive into the inner workings of each pillar individually, so you can better understand its value in developing applications. Next, you’ll learn how to profile your code to identify any optimization bottlenecks that would slow down the final build of your application. To close out this mission, you’ll develop a small application for your portfolio that uses fully optimized code built on OOP principles. 

When you complete this mission you will complete the Junior Programmer pathway - CONGRATULATIONS!

Apply Object-Oriented Principles

Unity Junior Programmer

Kickstart your programming career with Unity's Junior Programmer Pathway. Learn coding fundamentals, C#, and game development to create your first interactive projects. Start learning for free!

Junior Programmer Pathway - Learn Coding & Game Development | Unity Learn

We recommend that you have basic knowledge of Unity or complete 

Ready to code? This guided learning Pathway will take you from zero to job-ready!

Welcome to Junior Programmer! Designed for anyone interested in learning to code or obtaining an entry-level Unity role, this pathway assumes a basic knowledge of Unity and has no math prerequisites. Junior Programmer prepares you to get Unity Certified so that you can demonstrate your job-readiness to employers.

Junior Programmer

Course Introduction

Install Unity Software

Unit 1 - Introduction

Lesson 1.1 - Start your 3D Engines

Lesson 1.2 - Pedal to the Metal

Lesson 1.3 - High Speed Chase

Lesson 1.4 - Step into the Driver's Seat

Challenge 1 - Plane Programming

Lab 1 - Project Design Document

Introduction to project management and teamwork

Quiz 1

Lesson 1.1 - Start your 3D Engines 

Learn how to create new C# scripts, call basic functions, and use variables to modify the results of those functions.

In this first mission in the Junior Programmer pathway, you will program a car moving side-to-side on a floating road, trying to avoid (or hit) obstacles in the way. In addition to becoming familiar with the Unity editor and workflow, you will learn how to create new C# scripts and do some simple programming. By the end of the Unit, you will be able to call basic functions, then declare and tweak new variables to modify the results of those functions.

Player Control

Unit 2 - Introduction

Lesson 2.1 - Player Positioning

Lesson 2.2 - Food Flight

Lesson 2.3 - Random Animal Stampede

Lesson 2.4 - Collision Decisions

Challenge 2 - Play Fetch

Lab 2 - New Project with Primitives 

Quiz 2

Mod the Cube

Quiz: Create with Code 1

Lab 2 - New Project with Primitives

Gain familiarity with some of the most important programming and Unity concepts, including if-then statements, random value generation, arrays, collision detection, prefabs, and instantiation.

In this Mission, you will program a top-down game with the objective of throwing food to hungry animals - who are stampeding towards you - before they can run past you. In order to do this, you will become much more familiar with some of the most important programming and Unity concepts, including if-then statements, random value generation, arrays, collision detection, prefabs, and instantiation. In completing this Unit, you will learn how to program a basic game with the ability to launch projectiles and maneuver the player to keep the game alive.

Basic Gameplay

Unit 3 - Introduction

Lesson 3.1 - Jump Force

Lesson 3.2 - Make the World Whiz By

Lesson 3.3 - Don't Just Stand There

Lesson 3.4 - Particles and Sound Effects

Challenge 3 - Balloons, Bombs, & Booleans

Lab 3 - Player Control

Quiz 3

Learn how to add music, sound effects, and visual particle effects to transform the experience of your project.

In this Mission, you will program a fast-paced endless side-scrolling runner game where the player needs to time jumps over oncoming obstacles to avoid crashing. In creating this prototype, you will learn how to add music and sound effects, completely transforming the experience of your projects. You will also learn how to create dynamic endless repeating backgrounds, which are critical for any side-scrolling games. Finally, you will learn to incorporate particle effects like splatters and explosions, which make your games so much more satisfying to play.

Sound and Effects

Unit 4 - Introduction

Lesson 4.1 - Watch Where You’re Going

Lesson 4.2 - Follow the Player

Lesson 4.3 - PowerUp and CountDown

Lesson 4.4 - For-Loops For Waves

Challenge 4 - Soccer Scripting

Lab 4 - Basic Gameplay

Quiz 4

Learn how to implement new gameplay mechanics including powerups and increasing difficulty.

In this Mission, you will program an arcade-style Sumo battle with the objective of knocking increasingly difficult waves of enemies off of a floating island, using power ups to help defeat them. In creating this prototype, you will learn how to implement new gameplay mechanics into your projects, which are new rules or systems that make the game more interesting to play. On one hand, you will learn to program a powerup, which give the player a temporary advantage. On the other hand, you will learn to program increasingly difficult enemy waves, which make survival more challenging for the player. A good balance of powerups and increasing difficulty make for a much more interesting gameplay experience.

Gameplay Mechanics

Unit 5 - Introduction

Lesson 5.1 - Clicky Mouse

Lesson 5.2 - Keeping Score

Lesson 5.3 - Game Over

Lesson 5.4 - What’s the Difficulty?

Challenge 5 - Whack-a-Food

Lab 5 - Swap out your Assets

Quiz 5

Introduction to user feedback and testing

Learn how to implement a User Interface - or UI - into your projects, such as a title screen and score display.

In this Mission, you will program a game to test the player’s reflexes, where the goal is to click and destroy objects randomly tossed in the air before they can fall off the screen. In creating this prototype, you will learn how to implement a User Interface - or UI - into your projects. You will add a title screen with a difficulty select menu that will control how challenging the gameplay is, you will add a score display that will track how many points the player has earned, and you will add a Game Over screen, which will allow the player to restart and try again. In learning these skills, you will be able to create a fully “playable” experience that the user can enjoy from start to finish without having to restart the application to try it again.

User Interface

Next Steps - Introduction

Lesson 6.1 - Project Optimization

Lesson 6.2 - Research and Troubleshooting

Lesson 6.3 - Sharing your Projects

ECS Survival Guide

Career research and preparation

Introduction to portfolios

Debug the App

Counting Prototype

Quiz: Create with Code 2

Prepare to continue developing your Unity and C# skills independently, including learning how to complete your personal project.

In this Mission, you'll prepare to continue developing your Unity and C# skills independently, including learning how to complete your personal project and how to prepare for the Unity Certified User: Programming exam, which you can take through your school program, if available.

Publishing Your Project

Introduction to real-time 3D experience design

Set up version control

Explore the sample project

Principles of object-oriented programming

Create a scene flow

Implement data persistence between scenes

Implement data persistence between sessions

Quiz: Manage scene flow and data

Submission: Data persistence in a new repo

Learn about data persistence and an introduction to the core pillars of object-oriented programming.

In this mission, you’ll learn about data persistence, or how to manage the loading and unloading of data between both scenes and sessions. Along the way, you will be introduced to the core pillars of object-oriented programming, which will help you structure your code throughout the mission. There will only be one practical example throughout the mission, which will build on the new functionality you create with each tutorial. At the end of this mission, you’ll take everything you learned and apply it to a new project by building a persistent score system for a small game.

Manage Scene Flow and Data

45714fb2-ed6c-4a8a-b0a7-7b1079d29ad1:a06fe637e808

This mission has been updated!

Overview

Create a new repo and do your initial commit

Design your project

Create a branch for your title screen and commit changes

Merge your branch with the master branch

Continue working on your submission

Submit your project

Click on the object to know what shape it is and it's color

Jr. Programming Submission

Dagger_Ayush

i forgot to create a gift hub,(just do a menu scene and chose what type monster) can change the type of monster in inspector for grass, water and fire, they do more damage for each type of monster

Monster Clash

jeanlucasyfortunatti

Endless runner prototype using a faun creature I created in Blender. 

Faun Run_6.mp4

Faun Run

VelcoStudios

My submission showing some code example of the 4 OOP pillars use

Supercar Engine Symphony 

Yozhyk_69

Aura Farming Simulator

carmstrong_unity722

Tile sliding and matching game with a Japanese garden theme

https://play.unity.com/en/games/82d75ca9-c3bf-41e5-9e34-35acac255e4b/yottsu-ishi

Yottsu Ishi

DrCopter60

Cook up some white powder with a possibly inaccurate process in my first game.

Crack House Simulator (Alpha)

Charmanpk_Dev

cube and sphere inherited from object, which has default move action. and they also overwrite the parent move action. 

Movie_001.mp4

sdyy

Use best practices and Unity's Profiler window to improve performance in code.

Level 1 Code optimization

Joy Horvath

Instructional Designer

Demonstrate an understanding of core version control functionality in order to maintain, integrate, and modify projects kept in repositories. 

Level 1 Version control

ベストプラクティスと Unity の Profiler ウィンドウを使用して、コードのパフォーマンスを向上させます。

全くの初心者のためのコード最適化

HISAO SETOGUCHI

Technical Lead Writer

Now that you understand the pillars of object-oriented programming and how they are implemented, you’re ready to apply them in a brand new project. This is also a good opportunity to practice branching and merging in a version control repo. 

Deduce the script method that uses the most CPU time (vs. a script method that does not) by using the CPU profiler in the Profiler window 

Differentiate a loop that efficiently goes through a collection once in an Update() call from many loops that go through the same collection in an Update() call 

Recognize possible issues that might cause performance problems (e.g., too many RigidBody components, too many Colliders, too many shadows, etc.), given a scenario 

Investigate performance issues caused by poly count, texture sizes, or too many objects on the screen by using Unity's Stats window 

Deduce the script method that uses the most CPU time (vs. a script method that does not) by using the CPU profiler in the Profiler window

Differentiate a loop that efficiently goes through a collection once in an Update() call from many loops that go through the same collection in an Update() call

Recognize possible issues that might cause performance problems (e.g., too many RigidBody components, too many Colliders, too many shadows, etc.), given a scenario

Investigate performance issues caused by poly count, texture sizes, or too many objects on the screen by using Unity's Stats window

Debug performance issues

Identify the different version control solutions that can be used to maintain a project

Describe how version control is used to maintain a project

Prevent code loss by correctly resolving merge conflicts

Prototype or experiment with different code concepts by using branching

Communicate your changes on the project to the team by using commit messages

Access, modify, and contribute to a project by using core version control functionality

Maintain a project by correctly implementing version control

Profiler ウィンドウの CPU プロファイラーを使用して、最も CPU 時間を消費するスクリプトメソッドとそうでないスクリプトメソッドを推測する 

Update() の呼び出しで一度だけ効率的にコレクションの要素を処理するループと、Update() の呼び出しで同じコレクションの要素を処理する多数のループを区別する

シナリオを想定し、パフォーマンスの問題を引き起こす可能性のある問題（RigidBody コンポーネントが多すぎる、Collider が多すぎる、シャドウが多すぎるなど）を認識することができる

Unity の Stats ウィンドウを使用して、ポリ数、テクスチャサイズ、画面上のオブジェクト数が多すぎることによるパフォーマンスの問題を調査する

シナリオを想定し、パフォーマンスの問題を引き起こす可能性のある問題（RigidBody コンポーネントが多すぎる、Collider が多すぎる、シャドウが多すぎるなど）を認識できる

パフォーマンスに関する問題のデバッグ

Just in case we refreshed this mission while you weren't looking, please be sure you have completed this content before attempting this submission:

Mission — Junior Programmer: Manage scene flow and data

In the previous tutorials, you learned about the four pillars of object-oriented programming and how they are applied: 

Abstraction: reducing duplicate code by “abstracting out” repeated details or information.

Encapsulation: “encapsulating” data and the methods that manipulate that data together in a class, protecting it from misuse by other classes.

Inheritance: child classes deriving (or “inheriting”) behavior from parent classes.

Polymorphism: changing (“morphing”) methods into many (“poly”) forms (i.e., method overloading and method overriding).

In this submission challenge, you will create a new project from scratch, demonstrating each of these pillars in the code. 

Carefully plan your program’s architecture at a high level before you begin coding. Along the way, you’ll have an opportunity to practice branching and merging code using version control software.

This challenge is not going to be easy, but you’ll be a more thoughtful, strategic programmer by the time you complete it!

A link to your project’s GitHub repo, showing multiple commits with commit messages and at least two branches

Demonstration of abstraction (higher-level methods that abstract unnecessary details)

Demonstration of inheritance (parent/child classes)

Demonstration of polymorphism (method overriding or overloading)

Demonstration of encapsulation (getters and setters)

Before you get too involved in theoretical programming constructs, make sure your project is set up properly for version control. 

1.  Create a new repo configured for Unity named something like “Programming-Theory-Repo.”  

2.  Create a new empty 3D Unity project in your repo named something like “Programming Theory Project.” 

3.  After your project is created, do an initial commit to the repo. 

You should now have an empty Unity project backed up in a new version control repo. 

If you need a reminder of how to do any of the above tasks, refer to the more detailed steps in the previous submission.

Create a New Repository window from GitHub Desktop with Name set to “Programming-Theory-Repo and Git Ignore dropdown set to Unity.

Commit panel of Github Desktop with the Summary set to “initial commit” and the Description set to “empty 3d project on Unity 2020LTS”

With your project and repo ready to go, spend some time coming up with a concept for your project that will allow you to demonstrate the four pillars of object-oriented programming. 

Keep in mind that this project can be a prototype rather than an actual full-fledged project. It can use primitive shapes or even be entirely text-based. You don’t have to start with a blank canvas either — if you completed Create with Code, you can repurpose the assets from one the prototypes or challenges. The goal is not to create a visual masterpiece from scratch — just to come up with something creative that demonstrates the OOP pillars: abstraction, encapsulation, inheritance, and polymorphism.

As you develop your concept, outline and track of your ideas in a design document or project brief. If you completed Create with Code, take inspiration from the template you used during your Personal Project labs. You could also draw from the design brief of the Resource Management project you just worked on. Your document can include a bulleted outline, sketches, diagrams — whatever best allows you organize and iterate on your ideas.

Of course, in the normal course of project development, you would never base your project features on the need to demonstrate programming concepts! It would be the reverse: the need for programming concepts would be driven by the project features. However, reversing the priorities does present a fun design challenge! How can you design a project that makes use of these four programming concepts? It might be most helpful to think through the pillars in the following order: 

To begin your brainstorming, what objects can you think of that derive behaviors from a more generic object? What objects can you think of that are subtypes of other objects? For example:

Submission: Programming theory in action

1. This mission has been updated!

2. Overview

3. Create a new repo and do your initial commit

4. Design your project

5. Create a branch for your title screen and commit changes

6. Merge your branch with the master branch

7. Continue working on your submission

8. Submit your project

Your submission preview

Complete this Exercise